이상철 Sang-cheol Lee , 홍승분 Seung-bun Hong , 김영숙 Young-sook Kim
Use the Suitability of the Composite Score in the Theoretical Model Validation?: Monte Carlo Study + SEM을 이용한 이론검증 연구에서 합성점수의 사용이 합한가?: 몬테 칼로 시뮬레이션 연구
장채욱 Chae-ouk Jang
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 1-12, 2016
Purpose: This study conducted a Monte Carlo simulation to deal with the issues of alternative methods to replace the composite scores, which were the integrated scores of indicators, with a measurement model for testing in order to solve the problems with model estimation in a research that applied SEM. Methods: The investigator directed the simulation to compare the estimated structural coefficients from the original model containing with those in the reduce model that was replaced with the composite scores or integrated scores of those indicators. The simulation was carried out in three cases according to the organizational methods of composite scores that considered the correlation coefficient and factor loading characteristics of indicators. Results: first, the invariance of the estimated structural coefficient wasn`t maintained when the factor coefficients of indicators were heterogeneous in case of a unidimensional structure among indicators. Secondly, a structural coefficient was underestimated regardless of heterogeneity among indicator factor coefficients in case of a multidimensional structure among indicators. The study also showed the effects of composite scores on the estimation of structural coefficients by comparing their estimation results according to the sample size of analysis data in each experiment.
A Case Study on the Effects of Practical Application of PSTP for Rhythmic Gymnastics + 리듬체조 심리기술훈련 프로그램(PSTP) 현장적용 및 효과검증 사례연구
조은정 Eun-jung Cho , 박범영 Bum-young Park
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 13-23, 2016
Purpose: This study was to create and practically apply psychological skills training program(PSTP) for rhythmic gymnasts. Methods: Four rhythmic gymnasts aged ten to fifteen who are members of Korea Gymnastics Association and Office of Education in ``G`` city were selected as research participants in 2014. They participated in PSTP for six months. Program effectiveness was examined through the questionnaire of CSAI-2, psychological skills, and self-management, list of competition result, and psychological counseling. The selected program was applied to each rhythmic gymnasts through supplementation sequence after practical skill training that reflected personal psychological skills level and characteristics. Results: Based on the data collected, nine specific psychological skills methods consisted of goal setting, breathing and relaxation, positive imagery, self-management, cognitive restructuring, self-confidence, performance routine, psychological counselling, and integrated performance routine were applied to the research participations. As they participated in PSTP, the following positive psychological effects were found to the research participant. First, participants` competitive state anxiety was reduced. Second, participants` psychological skills was improved. Third, participants` self-management was enhanced. Fourth, participants` performance was improved. Conclusion: PSTP was evaluated as an effective training program that helps rhythmic gymnasts` psychological steadiness. Based on the result of the study, it is expected that more rhythmic gymnasts are trained using PSTP to improve their mental strongness, so that they perform their best athletic skills and talents in their competition.
A Case Study for Routine Training Program to Ameliorate Serve Rate among Collegiate Female Tennis Player + 대학 테니스선수의 서브 향상을 위한 루틴훈련 단일사례연구
김석환 Seok-hwan Kim , 차정훈 Jung-hoon Cha , 하지선 Ji-sun Ha
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 25-41, 2016
Purpose: The aim of this study was to devleop and apply training program for serve routine of tennis player in an attempt to improve serve sucess rate. Methods: Female collegiate tennis player who have been involved in this sport for more than 12 years of experience as a tennis player in either amateur or backup national players were recruited as subjects in this study. In order to analyze psychological problem of subjects in this study, in-depth interview and questionnaire were applied to them, and any results raised from the interview was used to set up for goal setting based on any factors the subjects required. Routine program for serve success rate improvement developed in expert consultation was applied to the subject once a week for 8 weeks to investigate factors to affect serve accuracy rate and subsequently serve routine program was developed. Selection of subjects, pilot study, routine application, post-analysis and statistical analysis were progressed in the order. Results: As a result of applying serve routine program to improve were success rate, positive imaginery, grid plate and self-talk could be a good stratedgy to transfter negative to positive way of thinking and this may lead to reducing anxiety, improving concentration and slef-confidence for first and second serve success rate. Conclusion: Serve routine program developed in this study may be positively effective to increase serve sucess rate.
A Depth Study on the Factors of Slump Bounce-Back of Professional Golfers + 프로골프선수의 슬럼프 바운스백요인 심층탐색
안성훈 Seong-hun An , 허정훈 Jung-hoon Huh
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 43-56, 2016
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate in-depth causes of slump, symptoms and factors leading professional golfer`s bounce-back and present phenomena and psychology in the course of time, provided that it accords to the phenomenon that professional golfers`skill sets are improved after a period of slump is defined as "slump bounce back." Methods: Subjects of study were 4 male golfers and 5 female golfers. Results were extracted from in-depth interviews. Results: In causes of professional golfer`s slump were from faulty swing, inefficient practice, lack of practice, plateau condition, injury, problems of physical strength, health issues, boredom, criticism from surrounding people, stress from comparing with fellow golfers, pride, uncertain goals, etc., and environmental causes were from financial problem, personal relations, conflict with instructors, change of environment, etc. In symptoms included continuously worsening skills; physical symptoms included insomnia, worsening health, physical exhaustion, hair loss, subjects experiencing negative emotions, psychological isolation, a drop in psychological functions, financial problem, relationship with parents, attitude from surrounding people, etc. As for the factors for depressed golfers to bounce back, it was due to continuous practice, change of methods, improved scores and techniques, physical maintenance, positive change in emotions, training in psychological techniques, financial comfort, parental support and instructor`s help, fellow golfer`s roles, special opportunities, etc.
Health Risk Perception according to Gender and the Physical Activity Level in Middle- Aged Adults + 성별 및 규칙적인 신체활동 여부에 따른 중년 성인의 건강위험지각
김영호 Youngho Kim , 강수진 Soojin Kang , 박인경 Inkyoung Park
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 57-69, 2016
Purpose: The study was to identify the differences between individuals` own health risk perceptions and those of others at the same age. Moreover, this study tried to explore the differences in perception bias toward health risks by gender and the physical activity level. Methods: Three hundred fifty questionnaires were initially distributed to company employees and sports center members. Among them, total 332 were finally used in this study(male: 166, female: 166, Mage=49.32 years). Self and other risk judgment profile was revised into Korean and applied in the study. Frequency analysis and independent t-test were carried out by SPSS 23.0. Results: Results indicated that middle-aged adults tend to have unrealistic perceptions of their vulnerability to most health risks and perceive their own likelihood of encountering all health risks events as lower than that of others. In addition, the finding revealed that there were significant differences in perception bias toward to health risks by gender and the physical activity level. Conclusion: The significance of this study lies in the fact that it made a unique contribution to the existing knowledge about middle-aged adults` health risk perceptions.
The Role of Teaching Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Motivation of Choosing a Teaching Profession and Subjective Happiness among Youth Sports Instructors + 유소년스포츠 지도자의 직업선택 동기와 주관적 행복감과의 관계에서 교사효능감의 역할
오화정 Hwajung Oh , 이예훈 Ye-hoon Lee
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 71-84, 2016
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of motivation of choosing a teaching profession with teaching self-efficacy and subjective happiness in youth sports instructors. Methods: A total of 262 participants(males 56.9%, females 43.1%) completed questionnaires to assess motivation of choosing a teaching profession(active motivation, material motivation, passive motivation), teaching self-efficacy, and subjective happiness. The data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and confirmatory factor analysis with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results: Results revealed that there were significant differences in material motivation and teaching efficacy between physical education(PE) majors and non-PE majors. Male instructors reported higher material motivation and teaching self-efficacy than female instructors. Structural equation modeling analysis showed teaching self-efficacy mediated the relation between motivation of choosing a teaching profession and subjective happiness. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that youth sports instructors` motivation of choosing a teaching profession should be considered for their quality of life and the quality of education for youth. Also, the strategy to enhance teaching self-efficacy should be involved in the training program for youth sports instructors.
The Learning Effect of Self-Controled Feedback on Success and Failure Experience + 성공/실패 경험에 따른 자기통제피드백의 학습효과
이한우 Han-woo Lee
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 85-96, 2016
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the learning effects of self-controled feedback on Success and Failure Experience. Methods: The test subjects were 40 female college students who had no information about the purpose of this study. The test subjects constituted a success experience groups(10 self-controlled students and 10 yoked students) and a failure experience groups(10 self-controlled students and 10 yoked students). The task used in this research was 2m golf putting which is the applied clevett`s putting test. On the first day, subjects were given pilot test and group Classification test. There were no differences in putting skill between two groups(success experience and failure experience group) after analysing the data collected during the two tests. Dependant variable was E(total error score). The data analysis of acquisition phase and retention tests were carried out under 2(success and failure experience)×2(feedback group)×6(block) or 2(success and failure experience)×2(feedback group) factorial design with repeated measures on last factor. Results: The following results were reached by analysing the test data. (a) success experience groups were more effective than failure groups at acquisition phase and retention test. (b) according to transfer test` interaction of success/failure experience×feedback, self control feedback group were more effective than yoked group at success experience condition whereas, there was no significant between two groups at failure experience condition. Conclusion: conclusively, this study shows that, the success experience self-control feedback group performed the best on the golf putting skill task.
Implementation of Response Time Measurement Experimental Device with LEGO Mindstorms + 레고 마인드스톰을 이용한 반응 시간 측정 연구 장비의 구현
이상철 Sang-cheol Lee , 홍승분 Seung-bun Hong , 김영숙 Young-sook Kim
DOI: JANTVol.27(No.3) 97-109, 2016
Purpose: Introduction of the LEGO Mindstorms EV3 as a low cost research tool for various studies and to show how study tools could be built using the LEGO with ease. Methods: To show what the LEGO Mindstorms EV3 could do for studies, programming method was described and some example devices used previous papers were reconstructed; EX1 - Selection of left right device for Stoet(2010), EX2 - Time expectation device for Kim and Ryu(2015), and EX3 - Four digits random number generator for Huh and Lee(2015). Time delay of each example device was tested to evaluate effectiveness of the LEGO Mindstorms EV3 as research device. Results: Combination of single execution structure and button switch on the EV3 brick showed 1 ms error of time measurement, and combination of single execution structure and touch sensor showed 10 ms error of time measurement. 1 ms error of time measurement is same accuracy achieved by Windows based computer system.